Family 15, Model 1 = 180 nm Pentium 4/Netburst (Willamette)
Family 15, Model 2 = 130 nm Pentium 4/Netburst (Northwood)
Family 15, Model 3 = 90 nm Pentium 4/Netburst (Prescott)
Family 15, Model 4 = 90 nm Pentium 4/Netburst (Irwindale)
Family 15, Model 6 = 65 nm Pentium 4/Netburst (Cedar Mill)
Family 6, Model 15 (0Fh) = Merom
Family 6, Model 23 (17h) = Penryn
Family 6, Model 26 (1Ah) = 45 nm Core i7 and Xeon (Nehalem)
Family 6, Model 28 (1Ch) = 45 nm Atom (Pineview)
Family 6, Model 30 (1Eh) = 45 nm Core i5/i7 and Xeon (Nehalem)
Family 6, Model 37 (25h) = 32 nm Core i3 (and mobile Core i5/i7) (Clarkdale)
Family 6, Model 42 (2Ah) = 32 nm Core i5/i7 (Sandy Bridge)
Family 6, Model 44 (2Ch) = 32 nm Core i7 and Westmere-EP
Family 6, Model 45 (2Dh) = Sandy Bridge-EP/E5
Family 6, Model 46 (2Eh) = Nehalem-EX
Family 6, Model 47 (2Fh) = Westmere-EX/E7
Family 6, Model 54 (36h) = 32 nm Atom (Cedarview)
Family 6, Model 58 (3Ah) = 22 nm Core i3/i5/i7 (Ivy Bridge)
Family 6, Model 60 (3Ch) = 22 nm Haswell
Family 6, Model 63 (3Fh) = 22 nm Haswell-E
Family 6, Model 70 (46h) = 22 nm Crystal Well
Family 6, Model 71 (47h) = 14 nm Broadwell
Family 6, Model 76 (4Ch) = 14 nm Braswell Celeron
Family 6, Model 77 (4Dh) = 22 nm Avoton Atom C2750
Family 6, Model 78 (4Eh) = 14 nm Skylake-U/Y
Family 6, Model 79 (4Fh) = 14 nm Broadwell-EP/E5 v4
Family 6, Model 79 (4Fh) = 14 nm Skylake
Family 6, Model 93 (5Dh) = 14 nm SOFIA Atom x3-C3230
Family 6, Model 94 (5Eh) = 14 nm Skylake
Family 6, Model 95 (5Fh) = 14 nm Goldmont Denverton
Family 6, Model 102 = 10 nm Cannon Lake (2018)
Family 6, Model 106,108 = 10 nm Ice Lake Server (2021)
Family 6, Model 122 = 14 nm Goldmont Plus Gemini Lake (2017)
Family 6, Model 125,126 = 10 nm Ice Lake Client (2019)
Family 6, Model 133 = 14 nm Knights Mill (2017)
Family 6, Model 138 = Tremont Lakefield
Family 6, Model 140,141 = 10nm Tiger Lake (2020)
Family 6, Model 142 = 14nm Amber Lake (2018)
Family 6, Model 143 = 7nm Sapphire Rapids
Family 6, Model 151,154 = 10nm Alder Lake (2021)
Family 6, Model 158 = Coffee Lake, Kaby Lake
See this picture (made by Hiroshige Goto) for the Intel x86 CPU evolution.
| Microarchitecture | Feature size (nm) | Desktop | Server | Features |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Raptor Lake (13th Gen) | Intel 7 (10 nm Enhanced SuperFin) (Q1 2023) Performance core: Raptor Cove |
i5 [13600-series] (6 cores, 12 threads) i7 [13700-series] (8 cores, 16 threads) i9 [13900-series] (8 cores, 16 threads) |
||
| Alder Lake (12th Gen) | Intel 7 (10 nm Enhanced SuperFin) (Q1 2022) Performance core: Golden Cove |
i3 [12100/12300-series] (4 cores, 8 threads) i5 [12400/12500/12600-series] (6 cores, 12 threads) i7 [12700-series] (8 cores, 16 threads) i9 [12900-series] (8 cores, 16 threads) |
Sapphire Rapids | DDR5 PCI Express 5.0 |
| Tiger Lake (11th Gen) | 10 nm++ "Willow Cove" (Q3 2020,Q1 2021,Q2 2021) | i3 [1100G-series] (2 cores, 4 threads) i5 [113xG-series] (4 cores, 8 threads) i7 [116xG-series] (4 cores, 8 threads) i9 [119xG-series] (4 cores, 8 threads) |
CET (Control-flow Enforcement Technology) | |
| Rocket Lake (11th Gen) | 14 nm++++ "Cypress Cove" (Q2 2021) | i5 [11400/11500/11600-series] (6 cores, 12 threads) i7 [11700-series] (8 cores, 16 threads) i9 [11900-series] (8 cores, 16 threads) |
||
| Ice Lake (10th Gen) | 10 nm+ "Sunny Cove" (SNC) (Q3 2019, Q2 2020) | i3 [1000G-series] (2 cores, 4 threads) i5 [103xG-series] (4 cores, 8 threads) i7 [106xG-series] (4 cores, 8 threads) |
3rd Gen Xeon Platinum 8300 series Xeon Gold 5300/6300 series Xeon Silver 4300 series |
|
| Cooper Lake | 14 nm+++ "Cascade Lake" (Q2 2020) | 3rd Gen Xeon Platinum 8300 series Xeon Gold 5300/6300 series |
||
| Comet Lake (10th Gen) | 14 nm+++ "Skylake" (Q2 2020) | i3 [10100/10300-series] (4 cores, 8 threads) i5 [10400/10500/10600-series] (6 cores, 12 threads) i7 [10700-series] (8 cores, 16 threads) i9 [10900-series] (10 cores, 20 threads) |
||
| Cascade Lake | 14 nm++ "Cascade Lake" (Q2 2019) | 2nd Gen Xeon Platinum 8200/9200 series Xeon Gold 5200/6200 series Xeon Silver 4200 series |
||
| Coffee Lake Refresh (9th Gen) | 14 nm++ "Skylake" (Q2 2019) | i3 [9100/9300-series] (4 cores) i5 [9400/9500/9600-series] (6 cores) i7 [9700-series] (8 cores) i9 [9900-series] (8 cores, 16 threads) |
Hardware mitigations against Meltdown/Spectre vulnerabilities | |
| Cannon Lake (Skymont) | 10 nm "Palm Cove" (May 2018) | AVX-512 | ||
| Coffee Lake (8th Gen) | 14 nm++ "Skylake" (Oct 2017) | i3 [8100/8300-series] (4 cores) i5 [8400/8600-series] (6 cores) i7 [8700-series] (6 cores) |
||
| Kaby Lake | 14 nm+ "Skylake" (Aug 2016) | i3 [7100/7300-series] (2 cores) i5 [7400/7500/7600-series] (4 cores) i7 [7700-series] (4 cores) |
E3 [1200-series] v6 series (4 cores) | |
| Skylake | 14 "Skylake" (SKL) | i5 [6600-series] (4 cores) i7 [6700-series] (4 cores) |
14 nm+, released in July 2017, 1st Gen Xeon Platinum 8100 series Xeon Gold 5100/6100 series Xeon Silver 4100 series |
MPX (Memory Protection Extensions), AVX 3.2 ("AVX-512F") |
| Broadwell | 14 "Broadwell" (BDW) | i5 [55/5600-series] (4 cores) i7 [5700-series] (4 cores) |
Broadwell-EP/E5 v4 [2600-series] (4 ~ 22 cores) | ADX (Multi-Precision Add-Carry Instruction Extensions) |
| Haswell | 22 "Haswell" (HSW) | i5 [45/4600-series] (4 cores) i7 [4700-series] (4 cores) |
E3 [1200-series] (2,4 cores) Haswell-EP/E5 v3 [16/2600-series] (4 ~ 18 cores) |
TSX, AVX2 |
| Sandy Bridge | 22 "Ivy Bridge" (IVB) | i5 [34/3500-series] (4 cores) i7 [3700-series] (4 cores) |
E3 [1200-series] (2,4 cores) Ivy Bridge-EP/E5 v2 [16/2600-series] (4,6,8,10,12 cores) Ivy Bridge-EX/E7 v2 [28/48/8800-series] (up to 15 cores) |
|
| Sandy Bridge | 32 "Sandy Bridge" (SNB) | i3 [2100-series] (2 cores) i5 [23/24/2500-series] (2,4 cores) i7 [26/27/38/3900-series] (4,6 cores) |
Sandy Bridge/E3 [1200-series] (2,4 cores) Sandy Bridge-EP/E5 ("Jaketown") [16/2600-series] (4,6,8 cores) |
AVX |
| Nehalem | 32 "Westmere" | Clarkdale: i3 [500-series] (2 cores) i5 [600-series] (2 cores) i7 [900-series] (6 cores) |
Westmere-EP/Gulftown [5600-series] (4,6 cores) Westmere-EX/E7 [2800/4800/8800-series] (6,8,10 cores) |
AES instruction set, VMX unrestricted mode |
| Nehalem | 45 "Nehalem" | Lynnfield: i5 [700-series], i7 [800-series] Bloomfield: i7 [900-series] |
Nehalem-EP/Gainestown [5500-series] (4 cores) Nehalem-EX/Beckton [6500/7500-series] (8 cores) (EP=Efficient Performance, EX=EXpandable) |
SSE4.2, QuickPath Interconnect |
| Core | 45 "Penryn" | Wolfdale (1,2 cores), Yorkfield (4 cores) | Wolfdale (2 cores) [5200-series] Harpertown [5400-series] (4 cores) Dunnington [7400-series] (4,6 cores) |
SSE4.1 (Penryn New Instructions) |
| Core | 65 "Merom" | Conroe (1,2 cores), Allendale (2 cores) | Woodcrest [5100-series] (2 cores) Kentsfield [3200-series] Clovertown [5300-series] Tigerton [7200/7300-series] (4 cores) |
SSSE3 (Tejas/Merom New Instructions) |
| NetBurst | 65 "Cedar Mill" | Pentium D (2 cores) | Tulsa [7100-series], Dempsey [5000-series] | |
| NetBurst | 90 "Prescott" | Pentium 4 | Nocona, Irwindale, ... | 31 pipeline stages, SSE3 (Prescott New Instructions), 64-bit (Intel EM64T) |
| NetBurst | 130 "Northwood" | Pentium 4 | ||
| NetBurst | 180 "Willamette" | Pentium 4 | 20 pipeline stages |
Processor number suffix:
See this picture and this too (both made by Hiroshige Goto) for the AMD x86 CPU evolution.
| Microarchitecture | Feature size (nm) | Desktop | Server (EPYC) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zen 4 | TSMC N5 5 |
Ryzen 9 [79xx-series] (12,16 cores) Ryzen 7 [77xx-series] (8 cores) Ryzen 5 [76xx-series] (6 cores) |
|
| Zen 3 | 7 |
Threadripper [59xxWX-series] (12,16,24,32,64 cores) Ryzen 9 [59xx-series] (12,16 cores) Ryzen 7 [58xx-series] (8 cores) Ryzen 5 [56xx-series] (6 cores) |
Released in March 2021, 3rd Gen "Milan" 8~64 cores |
| Zen 2 (Matisse) |
7 |
Threadripper [39xx-series] (24,32,64 cores) Ryzen 9 [39xx-series] (12,16 cores) Ryzen 7 [37/38xx-series] (8 cores) Ryzen 5 [35/36xx-series] (6 cores)
Ryzen 9 [49xx-series] (12,16 cores) |
Released in November 2018, 2nd Gen "Rome" 8~64 cores |
| Zen+ (Pinnacle Ridge) |
12 |
Threadripper [29xx-series] (12,16,24,32 cores) Ryzen 7 [27xx-series] (8 cores) Ryzen 5 [26xx-series] (6 cores) |
|
| Zen (Summit Ridge) |
14 |
Threadripper [19xx-series] (8,12,16 cores) Ryzen 7 [17xx/18xx-series] (8 cores) Ryzen 5 [15xx/16xx-series] (4,6 cores) Ryzen 3 [12xx/13xx-series] (4 cores) |
Released in July 2017, 1st Gen "Naples" 8~32 cores |
| Microarchitecture | Feature size (nm) | Desktop | Server | Features |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Excavator | 28 |
Bristol Ridge (7th generation APU, 2016):
A10 [9600-series] (4 cores) A12 [9700-series] (4 cores) FX-9800 series (4 cores)
Carrizo (6th generation APU, 2015):
|
||
| Steamroller | 28 | Kaveri (4th generation APU, 2014):
A6 [7400-series] (2 cores) A8 [7600-series] (4 cores) A10 [77/7800-series] (4 cores) Athlon X2 [400-series] (2 cores) Athlon X4 [800-series] (4 cores) |
||
| Piledriver | 32 | Richland (3rd generation APU, 2013):
A6 [6400-series] (2 cores) A8 [65/6600-series] (4 cores) A10 [67/6800-series] (4 cores) Athlon X2 [350/370-series] (2 cores) Athlon X4 [750/760-series] (4 cores) Trinity (2nd generation APU, 2012):
Vishera [FX 43/63/83/93/9500-series] (4,6,8 cores) |
Abu Dhabi [6300-series] (2,4,8,16 cores) | F16C, FMA3 |
| Bulldozer | 32 | Zambezi [FX 41/61/8100-series] (4,6,8 cores) | Interlagos [6200-series] (2,4,8,16 cores) | XOP, FMA4 |
| K10.5, "Llano" | 32 |
1st generation APU (2011):
A4 [33/3400-series] (2 cores) A6 [35/3600-series] (3,4 cores) A8 [3800-series] (4 cores) |
"Fusion" architecture (integrated graphics) | |
| K10, Revision C,D | 45 | Phenom II (2,3,4,6 cores, 6 MB L3 cache) Athlon II (2,4 cores, no L3 cache) |
Shanghai [2300/8300-series] (Revision C, 4 cores, 6 MB L3 cache) Istanbul [2400/8400-series] (Revision C, 6 cores, 6 MB L3 cache) Magny-Cours [6100-series] (Revision D, 8,12 cores, 2x6 MB L3 cache) Lisbon [4100-series] (Revision D, 4,6 cores, 6 MB L3 cache, HyperTransport 3.1) |
|
| K10 "Barcelona" | 65 | Phenom (3,4 cores, 2 MB L3 cache) | Barcelona [2300/8300-series] Budapest [1300-series] (4 cores, 2 MB L3 cache) Barcelona and Budapest mark the beginning of the third-generation Opterons. |
SSE4a (Phenom New Instructions) |
| K8, Revision G | 65 | Sempron, Athlon 64 X2 | ||
| K8, Revision D,E,F | 90 | Athlon 64, Athlon 64 X2, Sempron | Venus, Troy, Athens (1 core), Denmark, Italy, Egypt (2 cores) Santa Ana [1200-series], Santa Rosa [2200/8200-series] (2 cores) Santa Ana and Santa Rosa are second-generation Opterons. |
SSE3 |
| K8, "Athlon 64" | 130 | Athlon 64, Sempron | Sledgehammer (1 core) | x86-64 |
| K7 | 130 | Athlon (Thoroughbred, Barton, Thorton) |
| Codename | Features | Release | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Athlon (K7) | Argon | June 1999 | |
| Athlon XP (K7) | Palomino There is also Athlon MP for dual processing. |
3DNow! Professional, SSE | October 2001 |
| Athlon XP (K7) | Thoroughbred A/B | June 2002 | |
| Athlon 64 (K8) | Clawhammer/Newcastle | x86-64, NX, Cool'n'Quiet | April 2004 |
| Athlon 64 (K8) | Winchester | 90 nm fabrication | October 2004 |
| Athlon 64 X2 (K8) | Toledo | Dual core | May 2005 |
| Athlon 64 X2 (K8) | Brisbane | 65 nm fabrication | December 2006 |
| Phenom X4 (K10) | Agena | SSE4a, quad-core, L3 cache | November 2007 |
| Phenom X3 (K10) | Toliman | Triple-core | March 2008 |
| Athlon X2 (K10) | Kuma | December 2008 | |
| Phenom II X4 (K10) | Deneb | 45 nm fabrication, 6 MB L3 cache | January 2009 |
| Athlon II X2 (K10) | Regor | June 2009 | |
| Athlon II X3 (K10) | Rana | October 2009 | |
| Athlon II X4 (K10) | Propos | September 2009 | |
| Phenom II X6 (K10) | Thuban | Hexa-core | April 2010 |
| Phenom II X4 (K10) | Zosma | June 2010 |
